How to Connect Windows 11 to Ubuntu: A Guide to XRDP

Why use xrdp?

Using xrdp allows you to work on your Linux computer from the comfort of your Windows desk. It is great for managing files, running apps, or helping a friend with their Ubuntu setup without being in the same room.

What happens when done?

Once you finish these steps, you will have a direct, secure window to your Ubuntu desktop right on your Windows 11 computer.

For more about xrdp, please visit its homepage.

Installing xrdp on Ubuntu

To use this, your Ubuntu computer must have a desktop interface. If you are using a text-only server, you will need to install a desktop environment first. Open your terminal and run these commands (requires admin privileges):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install xrdp

After installing, check that the service is running with this command:

sudo systemctl status xrdp

You should see that the service is active and running. The output will look like this:

xrdp.service - xrdp daemon
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/xrdp.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running)

Configuring xrdp

Now, we need to make sure everything connects smoothly. First, add the xrdp user to the security group so it can access the necessary keys (requires admin privileges):

sudo adduser xrdp ssl-cert

Next, we will fix a common issue where the screen might show up black. Edit the startup script (requires admin privileges):

sudo nano /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh

Add these two lines to the end of the file:

unset DBUS_SESSION_ADDRESS
unset XDG_RUNTIME_DIR

Save the file and exit. Now, restart the service to apply the changes (requires admin privileges):

sudo systemctl restart xrdp

Finally, make sure your firewall allows the connection (requires admin privileges):

sudo ufw allow from 10.0.2.0/24 to any port 3389
sudo ufw reload

Note: Log out of your Ubuntu user account before trying to connect. You cannot be logged in at the computer itself and through remote desktop at the same time.

Connecting from 🪟 Windows 11

On your Windows 11 PC, open the “Remote Desktop Connection” app. Type in the IP address of your Ubuntu machine and click connect.

If you see a security warning about a certificate, click Yes to proceed.

Enter your Ubuntu username and password when prompted.

Summary

Setting up a remote connection from Windows 11 to Ubuntu is a great way to manage your devices. By installing xrdp, adjusting the startup script, and ensuring your firewall is open, you create a seamless bridge between both systems. This setup gives you full control of your Ubuntu desktop, including handy features like clipboard sharing, right from your Windows PC.