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How to Setup Omeka Classic CMS with Nginx on Ubuntu Linux

Richard

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The article offers a step-by-step guide to installing Omeka CMS, a digital content management system, on Ubuntu Linux with Nginx support. The process includes installing the Nginx server, MariaDB Database Server, PHP 7.2-FPM, creating an Omeka database, and configuring Nginx for Omeka CMS. The guide ends with testing the installation for successful setup and usage.

This article describes the steps to install Omeka CMS on Ubuntu Linux with Nginx support.

For various reasons, one may want to set up Omeka Classic CMS with Nginx on Ubuntu Linux. Firstly, Omeka CMS is a modern, lightweight web publishing platform that allows users to share digital collections and create media-rich content. It is built on the LAMP or LEMP stack, and its easy management portal designs and technical quality make it an ideal CMS for creating and managing content on every device.

On the other hand, the Nginx HTTP Server is the second most popular web server and is required for Omeka CMS to function properly. It offers high performance, stability, and scalability, making it an excellent choice for serving web applications and content.

Ubuntu Linux is a popular open-source operating system known for its security, stability, and ease of use. It is widely used for hosting web applications and services, making it an ideal platform for hosting Omeka CMS.

By setting up Omeka Classic CMS with Nginx on Ubuntu Linux, users can create and manage their content easily, securely, and efficiently. The combination of Omeka CMS, Nginx, and Ubuntu Linux provides a robust, scalable, and reliable platform for hosting web applications and content.

For more on Omeka CMS, please visit its home page.

How to install Omeka CMS on Ubuntu Linux with Nginx support

As described above, Omeka Classic is a modern, lightweight web publishing platform (CMS) for sharing digital collections and creating media-rich content.

Below is how to install it on Ubuntu Linux with Nginx support.

Install Nginx HTTP Server on Ubuntu

Nginx HTTP Server is the second most popular web server. Install it since Omeka CMS needs it.

To install Nginx HTTP on the Ubuntu server, run the commands below.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

After installing Nginx, the commands below can be used to stop, start, and enable the Nginx service to always start up with the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop nginx.service
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service

To test the Nginx setup, open your browser and browse to the server hostname or IP address. You should see the Nginx default test page, as shown below. When you see that, then Nginx is working as expected.

http://localhost
nginx default home page test

Install MariaDB Database Server

MariaDB database server is a great place to start when looking at open-source database servers for Magento. To install MariaDB, run the commands below.

sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

After installing MariaDB, the commands below can stop and start the service and enable it to start when the server boots.

Run these on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

sudo systemctl stop mysql.service
sudo systemctl start mysql.service
sudo systemctl enable mysql.service

Run these on Ubuntu 17.10 and 18.04 LTS

sudo systemctl stop mariadb.service
sudo systemctl start mariadb.service
sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service

After that, run the commands below to secure the MariaDB server by creating a root password and disallowing remote root access.

sudo mysql_secure_installation

When prompted, answer the questions below by following the guide.

  • Enter current password for root (enter for none): Just press the Enter
  • Set root password? [Y/n]: Y
  • New password: Enter password
  • Re-enter new password: Repeat password
  • Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]: Y
  • Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]: Y
  • Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]:  Y
  • Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]:  Y

Restart MariaDB server

Type the commands below to log into the MariaDB server to test if MariaDB is installed.

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then, type the password you created above to sign on. If successful, you should see a MariaDB welcome message.

mariadb welcome

Install PHP 7.2-FPM and Related Modules

PHP 7.2-FPM may not be available in Ubuntu default repositories. To install it, you will have to get it from third-party repositories.

Run the commands below to add the below-party repository to upgrade to PHP 7.2-FPM

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Then update and upgrade to PHP 7.2-FPM

sudo apt update

Next, run the commands below to install PHP 7.2 and related modules.

sudo apt install php7.2-fpm php7.2-common php7.2-sqlite3 php7.2-curl php7.2-intl php7.2-mbstring php7.2-xmlrpc php7.2-mysql php7.2-gd php7.2-xml php7.2-cli php7.2-zip

After installing PHP 7.2, run the commands below to open Nginx’s PHP default config file.

sudo nano /etc/php/7.2/nginx/php.ini

Then, save the changes on the following lines below in the file. The value below is an ideal setting to apply in your environment.

file_uploads = On
allow_url_fopen = On
short_open_tag = On
memory_limit = 256M
cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0
upload_max_filesize = 100M
max_execution_time = 360
date.timezone = America/Chicago

After making the change above, please save the file and close it.

After installing PHP and related modules, you must restart Nginx to reload PHP configurations.

To restart Nginx, run the commands below

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Create Omeka Database

Once you’ve installed all the packages required for Omeka CMS, continue below to start configuring the servers. First, run the commands below to create a blank Magento database.

To log on to the MariaDB database server, run the commands below.

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then, create a database called omeka

CREATE DATABASE omeka;

Create a database user called omekauser with a new password

CREATE USER 'omekauser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password_here';

Then, grant the user full access to the database.

GRANT ALL ON omeka.* TO 'omekauser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_password_here' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Finally, save your changes and exit.

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Download and Install Omeka CMS

Run the commands below to download Omeka CMS’s latest content. Then, unzip the download file and move the content to the Nginx default root directory.

cd /tmp && wget https://github.com/omeka/Omeka/releases/download/v2.6.1/omeka-2.6.1.zip
unzip omeka-2.6.1.zip
sudo mv omeka-2.6.1 /var/www/html/omeka

Next, run the commands below to change the root folder permissions.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/omeka/
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/omeka/

Configure Nginx Omeka CMS Site

Finally, configure the Nginx configuration file for Omeka CMS. This file will control how users access Omeka CMS content. Run the commands below to create a new configuration file called omeka

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/omeka

Then copy and paste the content below into the file and save it. Replace the highlighted line with your domain name and directory root location.

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    root /var/www/html/omeka;
    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    server_name  example.com www.example.com;

    client_max_body_size 100M;

    location / {
                try_files $uri /index.php?$args;
        }

    location /admin {
                try_files $uri /admin/index.php?$args;
        }

    location ~ \.php$ {
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    fastcgi_pass           unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
     }

}

Save the file and exit.

After configuring the VirtualHost above, please enable it by running the commands below.

Enable the Omeka CMS Site

After configuring the VirtualHost above, please enable it by running the commands below, then restart the Ngnix server.

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/omeka /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Next, open the Omeka db.ini file and enter the database connection info you create above.

sudo nano /var/www/html/omeka/db.ini

Then edit the highlighted lines below and save.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Database Configuration File ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; Omeka requires MySQL 5 or newer.
;
; To configure your database, replace the X's with your specific
; settings. If you're unsure about your database information, ask
; your server administrator, or consult the documentation at
; <http://omeka.org/codex/Database_Configuration_File>.

host     = "localhost"
username = "omekauser"
password = "new_password_here"
dbname   = "omeka"
prefix   = "omeka_"
charset  = "utf8"
;port     = ""

Next, open your browser, go to the URL, and continue with the installation.

http://example.com/install

You should see the Omeka installation page. Create the superuser and admin accounts and install them.

ubuntu omeka setup

That’s it! You can log in to the admin site by typing http://example.com/admin.

Ubuntu omeka install

After that, Omeka should be installed and ready to use.

Enjoy~

Richard Avatar
Richard
Richard, the owner and lead writer at Geek Rewind, is a tech enthusiast passionate about simplifying complex IT topics. His years of hands-on experience in system administration and enterprise IT operations have honed his ability to provide practical insights and solutions. Richard aims to make technology more accessible and actionable. He’s deeply committed to the Geek Rewind community, always ready to answer questions and engage in discussions. He enjoys watching football, cheering for the Minnesota Vikings, and spending time with his family when he’s not writing or managing Geek Rewind.
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