How to Install the MEAN Stack on Ubuntu Linux

Install and use the MEAN stack on Ubuntu Linux

As described above, the MEAN stack is a JavaScript-based framework for developing dynamic JAVA-based websites and applications. The stack consists of MongoDB, Express, Angular, and Node.

Below is how to install it on Ubuntu Linux.

Install MongoDB

You can install MongoDB on Ubuntu by adding its official software source. This involves updating your system’s package list and installing necessary tools. Then, you add MongoDB’s information to Ubuntu’s lists before finally installing MongoDB.

Before that, run the commands below to add the necessary dependencies to add APT repositories to Ubuntu.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install dirmngr gnupg apt-transport-https ca-certificates software-properties-common

To install MongoDB, add its repository’s GPG key to sign its packages.

Run the commands below to do that.

wget -qO - https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Next, run the commands below to create a repository file for MongoDB on Ubuntu Linux.

echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu focal/mongodb-org/4.4 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.4.list

Replace the highlighted Ubuntu core name in the command with your system’s core number. For example, the Ubuntu 20.04 code name is focal.

After adding the repository GPG key and file, run the commands below to update the Ubuntu packages index and install MongoDB.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install mongodb-org

If you encounter problems installing MongoDB, run the commands below to install these dependencies.

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Additional resources on installing and managing the MongoDB database can be found at the link below.

How to install and manage MongoDB database on Ubuntu Linux

Install Node.js

Installing Node.js on Ubuntu is a key step for your MEAN stack. Node.js acts as the JavaScript web server, which is essential for running your application. You need to set this up before installing other development tools for your project.

Angular.js is a fully extensible toolset and libraries for building web and app frameworks based on Node.js and JavaScript.

Node.js is the premier JavaScript web server.

Let’s first install Node.js and then get the other packages installed after.

To get the latest, you will have to add the Node.js repository.

Run the commands below to download the Node.js version 18 repository script.

sudo apt install curl
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | sudo bash -

Once downloaded and executed, run the commands below to install Node.js version 18.

sudo apt install nodejs

Additional packages recommended with the MEAN stack can be installed using the below commands.

sudo npm install -g yarn
sudo npm install -g gulp
sudo npm install pm2 -g

Additional resources on installing and using Node.js on Ubuntu Linux can be found at the link below.

How to install and use Node.js on Ubuntu Linux

Install MEAN stack

After setting up Node.js and MongoDB on Ubuntu, you can install the MEAN stack. This involves getting the project code from GitHub using Git. Then, you’ll install the required tools with Yarn to bring all the pieces together for your development environment.

Run the commands below to clone the package from GitHub.

sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/meanjs/mean

Once downloaded, run the command below to install all dependencies.

cd mean
yarn install

Create a Node.js web app

Creating your first Node.js web app after installing the MEAN stack on Ubuntu usually involves editing the main server file, typically named `server.js`. This setup connects a basic server to MongoDB. You will then paste specific code into this file and save it.

nano ~/mean/server.js

When the file opens, copy and paste the lines below into the file and save.

const express = require('express');
const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
const app = express();

app.use('/', (req, res) => {
MongoClient.connect("mongodb://localhost:27017/test", function(err, db){
db.collection('Example', function(err, collection){
collection.insert({ pageHits: 'pageHits' });
db.collection('Example').count(function(err, count){
if(err) throw err;
res.status(200).send('Page Hits: ' + Math.floor(count/2));
});
});
});
});

app.listen(3000);
console.log('Server running at http://localhost:3000/');

module.exports = app;

After saving the file, run the commands below to start the server.

pm2 start ~/mean/server.js

When the server starts, it should output something similar to the lines below.

                        -------------

__/\\\\\\____/\\____________/\\____/\\\\_____
 _/\/////////\_/\\\________/\\\__/\///////\___
  _/\_______/\_/\//\____/\//\_///______//\__
   _/\\\\\\/__/\\///\/\/_/\___________/\/___
    _/\/////////____/\__///\/___/\________/\//_____
     _/\_____________/\____///_____/\_____/\//________
      _/\_____________/\_____________/\___/\/___________
       _/\_____________/\_____________/\__/\\\\\\\_
        _///______________///______________///__///////////////__
                          Runtime Edition
        PM2 is a Production Process Manager for Node.js applications
                     with a built-in Load Balancer.
                Start and Daemonize any application:
                $ pm2 start app.js
                Load Balance 4 instances of api.js:
                $ pm2 start api.js -i 4
                Monitor in production:
                $ pm2 monitor
                Make pm2 auto-boot at server restart:
                $ pm2 startup
                To go further checkout:
                http://pm2.io/
[PM2] Spawning PM2 daemon with pm2_home=/home/richard/.pm2
[PM2] PM2 Successfully daemonized
[PM2] Starting /home/richard/mean/server.js in fork_mode (1 instance)
[PM2] Done.
┌─────┬───────────┬─────────────┬─────────┬─────────┬──────────┬────────┬──────┬───────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┐
│ id  │ name      │ namespace   │ version │ mode    │ pid      │ uptime │ ↺    │ status    │ cpu      │ mem      │ user     │ watching │
├─────┼───────────┼─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────┼──────┼───────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────┤
│ 0   │ server    │ default     │ 0.6.0   │ fork    │ 7377     │ 0s     │ 0    │ online    │ 0%       │ 38.8mb   │ richard  │ disabled │
└─────┴───────────┴─────────────┴─────────┴─────────┴──────────┴────────┴──────┴───────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────────┘

pm2 startup ~/mean/server.js

The command above will output lines similar to the ones below.

[PM2] Init System found: systemd

-----------------------------------------------------------
 PM2 detected systemd but you precised /home/richard/mean/server.js
 Please verify that your choice is indeed your init system
 If you arent sure, just run : pm2 startup
[PM2] To setup the Startup Script, copy/paste the following command:
sudo env PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin /usr/lib/node_modules/pm2/bin/pm2 startup /home/richard/mean/server.js -u richard --hp /home/richard

You will be prompted to run the highlighted commands above to enable the app to start up automatically every time you start the system.

The application has started using port 3000.

To access it, open your web browser and browse to the server’s hostname or IP address, followed by port number 3000.

http://localhost:3000

Run MEAN app with reverse proxy

Running your MEAN stack application efficiently on Ubuntu is best done with a reverse proxy like Nginx or Apache. A reverse proxy helps manage incoming web traffic, which can improve your app’s performance. Instructions for setting up Nginx or Apache are provided.

• How to set up a reverse proxy with Nginx
• How to set up a reverse proxy with Apache

That should do it!

Conclusion:

• The MEAN stack is a powerful JavaScript-based framework for developing dynamic web applications.
• By 💿 installing MongoDB, Express, Angular, and Node.js on Ubuntu Linux, developers can standardize on proven technologies and spend more time building applications.s
• Adding a reverse proxy with Nginx or Apache HTTP server can efficiently run the MEAN stack app.
• Building and deploying web applications using the MEAN stack on Ubuntu Linux is now within reach and can lead to fast, dynamic, and robust results.